(10,1528) = 5.11, P Table 5 Overall tick burden and tick burden by categories of the temperature-humidity index (means ± standard errors) in four Colombian cattle breeds
Discussion
There was a scant amount of studies from the books on the tick burden when you look at the cows having exotic nations on Americas. Extremely knowledge about point was in fact done in subtropical regions such as for example Southern area Africa [8, 15], countries which have significant high temperatures such as Egypt and you may Pakistan , and lots of warm nations like Tanzania and Nigeria . Tick burden is sometimes advertised playing with switched investigation, which makes impact investigations to possess actual tick weight hard to translate. This study shows the genuine tick burden and its particular reference to heat worry indicator inside four Bos taurus breeds situated in around three additional geographical aspects of Colombia (the latest Caribbean, Andean and Orinoquia regions). Tick load on these Colombian cows types is lower than one found in an experiment using steers grazing about Meta institution (Orinoquia part). Additionally, an average tick load based in the five Colombian types when you look at the our very own test (17.4 ± 24.6) is lower than just one to present in almost every other warm regions instance the B. indicus Meru crossbred from inside the Tanzania (37.5 ± 11.8) and many B. indicus cows communities (Light Fulani and you will Bunaji breeds as well as their crossbreds) inside Nigeria (22 ± 1.4) . Different cows types, grass kinds, grazing bu web baДџlantД±sД±nД± kullanД±n administration, herding program, climate conditions and ecological areas of presses you’ll give an explanation for large tick weight found in this type of almost every other knowledge.
Tick delivery to the cattle bodies
The newest tick burden with the rump and end off SM (seven.dos ± 12.2), ROMO (5.8 ± 10.2) and CCC (9.4 ± 15.1) cattle are higher than the new tick load located on the rear base, stomach and you may flanks (step 1.0 ± 2.cuatro, 4.six ± 6.nine and you will seven.2 ± 11.step 1, respectively). These types of performance trust those people acquired by during the Nguni cows. Such experts unearthed that the fresh tick load for the end and you can perineum is higher than the fresh new tick weight into the belly regarding 12 months. A minimal tick load from inside the BON, ROMO and you can CCC cattle try observed on the head and you may neck followed closely by the rear and loin. Likewise, Asmaa ainsi que al. found that a reduced number of presses was in fact noticed around the attention, neck and boobs. Clicks prefer invisible and enjoying anatomical zones to your animal human body . And therefore, an appropriate ecosystem to own tick emergency are in tail and you can perineum, perhaps outlining the brand new lot of ticks seen in these human anatomy areas. Simultaneously, the rear base, udder, tummy, fore and you can buttocks flank be a little more exposed to turf, hence with ease achieved because of the presses. This will be why we seen a top proportion of your overall tick burden during these human anatomy zones.
Different kinds of turf and you may paddocks in which such animals offer you certainly will produce variations in tick load of the anatomical zones. It is substantiated by comparable part of tick weight because of the anatomical zones noticed on ROMO and you will CCC types, which have been located at an equivalent fresh station and you can were given with the exact same sorts of yard. However, brand new tick weight from the anatomical area is quite other from inside the BON and SM breeds, and that is partly said because of the a different ecosystem.
Sex, many years and you may real time pounds
The higher tick burden found in women will follow the outcomes from Rehman et al. when you look at the Pakistani cows, where females got a notably large tick load than men. While doing so, there was increased prevalence of tick infestation in females (58.7%) compared to men (41.5%) during the Egyptian cows . On top of that, no extreme differences was indeed discovered to the infestation incidence out of Roentgen. microplus ranging from men and women inside Indian cows and North american country cattle . About experimental programs where in actuality the cattle for our data had been left, bulls obtained preferential government since they had sleeping attacks until the start of 2nd reproduction 12 months, and you will was allocated during the paddocks with less stocking rates. On the other hand, cows was in fact always remaining on highest stocking cost. Why these conditions received of the bulls during some months of one’s seasons might establish the reason we discover a reduced tick weight in the men compared to lady within our analysis.
